Real-World Effectiveness of Colorectal Cancer Screening Programs in the United States

Abstract

Colorectal cancer screening has been shown to reduce disease-related mortality; however, real-world adherence remains suboptimal. This population-based study evaluated screening participation and diagnostic outcomes among over 50,000 individuals enrolled in a nationwide screening program. Colonoscopy and fecal immunochemical testing were analyzed. Screening adherence was significantly lower in socioeconomically disadvantaged groups. Early-stage cancer detection was substantially higher among compliant participants. These findings underscore the importance of targeted interventions to improve screening uptake and reduce health disparities.